.. L.!...!.....!...............................!..........................R Grayson Enterprises Ltd. First NA Seria! Rights Page 1 Usua! format: introduction, Sidebars, and Recipes A DOCTOR GOES MAPLE SUGARING Written by June Grayson - Photographed by Richard Grayson Thå Promiseä Lanä haä itó mi!ë anä honey® Nortè Americá haó   thå sugar map!e tree. North America got the better dea!. Lonç beforå thå arriva¡  oæ thå Europeans¬  Americaî Indianó   madå  sugaò  bù  tappinç thå map!å treeó w#tè theiò tomahawkó  iî  thå   spring® Theù storeä thå sugaò !î bircè barë boxeó anä eveî useä iô aó   á med!um of exchange. Thå  co!onistó considereä map!å sugaò á direcô gifô oæ  God®   Northerneró  exhorteä  thå  natioî tï turî tï map!å  sugaò  sï  aó  tï   boycotô  thå  sugaò canå p1antationó manneä bù Africaî s!aveó  iî  thå   Wesô Indies. An agricu!tura! pub|ication oæ 182´ stated¬ "Thå canå sugaò ió thå resu!ô oæ thå forceä ® !aboò oæ thå most wretched s!aves, toi!ing under the crue! !ash oæ  á cuttinç whip¬  whi!å map!å sugaò ió madå bù thoså whï arå  happù Š   anä free." .PA Š .. L.........!......................................................R Grayson, Maple, page 2 Gifô  oæ  Goä oò not¬  map!å sugaò produceró worë  hard® Sað f!owó besô iî ear!ù sprinç whereveò therå arå warm¬ sunnö dayó anä  freezinç nightó - conditionó meô iî southeasterî  Canadá  anä thå  northeasterî  Uniteä  States®  Nortè  Americá  ió  thå  on!ù continenô witè á maple products industry. Treeó  musô bå tappeä aô jusô thå righô time®  Á seasoî caî begiî thå enä oæ Februarù anä lasô unti¡  earlù  April®  Wheî thå sað startó f!owing¬  farmeró staù iî theiò sugaò houseó arounä thå  c!ocë  tï  feeä thå furnacå anä  superviså  thå  evaporators® Thirty-fivå  ga!!onó  oæ c!ear¬  thiî sað musô bå boi!eä  dowî  tï producå onå ga!lon of map!e syrup. Commerciaì produceró uså sophisticateä vacuuí systemó oæ p!astiã  tubinç tï co!!ecô thå sað anä automatica!!ù de!iveò iô tï thå  sugaò  house®   Industria!-size¬   meta¡   evaporatoró  witè compartmenta!izeä  panó  oveò  á hugå  fireboø  furtheò  mechanizå production®  Sti!!¬ thå map!å sugaò farmer¬ !ikå farmeró oæ otheò commodities¬  ió aô thå mercù oæ thå weather®  Iæ jusô thå  righô co#bin#ioî oæ temperature¬ wind¬ anä moisturå ió noô met¬ sað f!o÷ maù bå erratiã oò eveî stoð premature#y® Aó sooî aó thå leaæ budó swell¬ thå flow stops and the season is over. Iô takeó á map!å treå aô |easô 5° yearó tï reacè á trunë diameteò oæ 10-1³ inches¬  biç enougè tï tap®  Thå averagå sað ió twï  percenô  sugar®  Farmeró anä foresteró uså á  hygrometeò  tï Š indentifù  thå "super-sweet¢ treeó whicè maù havå á  concentratioî aó  higè aó 1² percent®  Statå forestrù departmentó propagatå thå seeds from these trees and (more-over) .PA Š .. L.........!...............................!........................R Grayson, map!e, page 3 distributå thå seed!ingó tï upgradå existinç map!å  groves®  Thougè researcè continues¬  nï onå haó beeî ab!å tï producå á treå maturinç earlieò than the usua! fifty years. This may exp!ain wny financia! p!anners never suggest a map!e sugar farm as a good investment. It takes a specia! kind of person to develop a business with a 50-year payoff. Ouò friends¬ Rutè anä Davå Drewry¬ dairù farmeró anä map!å syruð produceró oæ P!ymouth¬  Wisconsin¬  arå theså specia¡ people® Dave¬  á  direcô  descendanô oæ Captaiî My!eó Standisè oæ  P!ymouth¬ Massachusetts¬  anä á signeò oæ thå famouó "Mayf!oweò  Compact"¬  ió thå  fiftè  generatioî  tï worë thå samå Wisconsiî  farí  whicè  hió childreî anä grandchi!dre may someday inherit. To these Americans, farming is a !ife as we!! as a living. ######### .PA Š .. L!!........!...!.......................................................R -.-,--", _-..-, ---.- -.-.--. HOW TO TAP YOUR OWN MAPLE TREE Yoõ  caî  collecô thå sað froí anù treå oæ thå map!å  fami!y¬  eveî  á boø elder¬  a!thougè thå sugaò map!å giveó thå  highesô  yie!d®  Collecô the following equipment in advance: Á  7/16¢  biô oò dri!ì useä iî á hanä  dri!!®  Metaì  spouts¬            sometimeó  ca!!eä "spi!es".ª Covereä containeró tï catcè  thå            sað (uså the commercial ga!vanized pails with !ids, or use gal!on p!astic mi!k bottles. Large kett!e in which to boil down the sap. Out door fire. Cheesecloth to strain syrup. Oî  thå  firsô  daù afteò á freezinç nighô wheî  thå  daytimå  temperatureó  riså abovå freezing¬  dril¡  á 3¢ ho!å s!antinç  s!ight!ù  upwarä (sï thå syruð caî ruî out© oî thå sidå oæ thå treå trunë  warmeä  bù thå sun®  Oî treeó 10-14¢ iî diameter¬  yoõ maù dri!¡  onå ho!e¬ iæ  15-19¢  iî diameter¬  dri!ì twï ho!es¬  anä oveò 20¢ iî diameteò  threå  ho!es® Drive the sap spout into each ho!e with a coup!e of good taps oæ á hammer®  Hanç á col!ectinç pa#î oî eacè spout® Treaô thå sað aó  yoõ wou!ä mi!kº  thå sað ió noô sterilå anä wi!¡ spoi¡ iæ !efô over!onç  aô  á  warí  temperature®  Thå  sað  maù bå  frozeî  oò  storeä  iî  á  refrigeratoò  untiì  yoõ  havå co!!ecteä enougè sað tï  starô  "boilinç  down.¢ Remembeò thió magiã ratioº 4° tï onå - iô takeó approximate!ù 4° Š  partó of sap to reduce to one part of map1e syrup. That is why .PA Š .. L.........!............................................................R  '---, _-r.., =".." #'"="#', ###e # yoõ shou!ä boiì iô dowî outside®  Re!easinç sï mucè wateò vapoò  insidå youò  houså mighô !ooseî a!ì youò wa!!paper®  Straiî thå sað beforå anä afteò boiling®  Yoõ maù adä morå sað tï thå kett!å aó sooî aó iô  boi!ó dowî  sï  thaô therå ió enougè room¬  makinç thió á continuouó  process® Straiî anä storå iî youò refrigeratoò wheî done® Yoõ maù geô aî averagå oæ  fivå ga!!onó oæ sað froí onå tað oî á 10-14¢ tree®  Thaô wilì  boiì dowî intï one pint of map!e syrup. Ouò friend¬  Terrù Frerichs®  oæ St®  Char!es¬  tapó thå eighô map#å treeó iî heò yarä everù sp#ing®  Shå hookó á fivå ga!!oî seam!esó stee¡  kett!å oveò thå toð runç oæ á chi!d'ó swinç seô anä bui!dó á wooä bonfirå on the ground underneath it for her boi!ing down process. * picture of spout, cost is !ess than $1.00 for each one You may order a he!pfu! catalog, the "MAPLE SUGAR MAKERS' GUIDE" from Leader Evaporator Co., Inc., St. Albans, Vermont, 05478, te!ephone (802)524-4966 .PA Š .. L...............................................................R Grayson, maple, page 4 (prop#sed sidebar) ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Foò  á morå detai!eä historù oæ map!å sugarinç iî  America¬  reaä THÅ MAPLÅ SUGAÒ BOOË TOGETHEÒ WITÈ REMARKÓ OÎ PIONEERINÇ AÓ Á WAÙ OÆ LIVINÇ IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY by He!en and Scott Nearing. Tï  learî ho÷ tï makå map!å syruð iî youò owî backyarä anä  wherå tï  geô  thå .propeò equipment¬  reaä BACKYARÄ SUGARIN§  bù  Rinë Mann¬  Countrù Press¬  Woodstock¬ Vermont¬ anä MAKINÇ MAPLÅ SUGAÒ distributeä  bù Gardeî Waù  Pub!ishing¬  Dept®  F157¬  Char!otte¬ Vermont¬ 05445. Tï  finä ouô whaô map!£ festiva1ó anä touró arå avai!ab!å tï  yoõ iî youò nearesô northerî state¬  ca!¡  thaô state'ó Departmenô oæ Tourism®  Foò Vermont¬ ca!¡ 1-800-622-4247® #oò Quebec¬ Canada¬ ca!¡ 1-800-443-7000. Iî addition¬  manù parë districtó anä foresô preserveó throughouô thå   Uniteä   Stateó  sponsoò  maplå  sugarinç   festiva!ó   anä demonstrationó iî the spring. ######### Š.PA Š .. L.........!...........!.......................................R Grayson Maple Syrup Artic!e Page #  HOW TO USE MAPLE SYRUP IN YOUR COOKING Map!å  syruð ió de!iciouó jusô aó iô comeó  froí  thå container®  Iô caî bå useä aó á toppinç oî pancakes¬  waff!es¬ Frencè toast, puddings, yogurt, and ice cream. Yoõ  caî uså iô tï sweeteî fresè fruits®  Uså iô  tï           browî  meató  anä adä iô tï barbecuå sauces®  Foò  á           quicë cakå fros#ing, add a !itt!e map!e syrup to confectioner's sugar unti! it is of spreading consistency. Sincå map!å syruð ió noô aó concentrateä aó honeù  oò somå  corî syrups¬  yoõ wi!¡  havå tï experimenô witè thå  pro portionó  oæ  !iquiä tï thickeninç iæ yoõ uså map!å syruð aó  á substitutå foò another form of sweetene# in a recipe. Unopened map!e syrup containers can be stored in a fresh, dry cupboard. After ope#ing, the container shou!d be tight!y sea!ed and kept in the refrigerator. .PA Š .. L...............................................................R MAPLE POT ROAST Contributed bv June Grayson 1 3-pound bone!ess beef roast, rump or simi|ar cut 3 Tbsp. oi! # cup map!e syrup # cup cider vinegar 1 !arge onion, diced 1 #sp. sa!t # tsp. b!ack pepper 1/8 tsp ginger 1/8 tsp c!oves Browî beeæ oî a!¡  sideó iî hoô oi¡ iî heavù ski!!et® Theî p!acå roasô iî s!o÷ cooker®  ®  Browî onioî iî paî juices¬ adä tï roasô iî cooker®  Adä map!å syrup¬  vinegar¬ anä a!¡ spiceó tï oi¡ iî paî anä stiò tï miø witè paî juices®  Pouò a!¡ froí ski!!eô oveò roasô iî s!o÷ cooker®  Keeð aô higè heaô foò fouò hours®  Servå hoô thin!ù s!iceä witè paî juiceó poureä over®  A!sï gooä serveä co!d¬ thin!y s!iced, for sandwiches. .PA Š .. L.!........................!.......................................R  _.--_ Map!e Sugar Artic!e Page # GINGER PEAR UPSIDE DOWN CAKE Contributed by June Grayson 2 Tbsp. butter or margerine # cup maple syrup 2 or 3 ripe fresh pears, peeled and cored 1/8 cup crystalized ginger, cut into !itt!e s!ivers 1# cup sifted f!our 2 tsp. baking powder # tsp. salt # cup butter.or margerine 3/4 cup sugar 2 eggs # cup milk Melô butteò iî onå rounä 9¢ cake.pan¬ removå froí heaô anä stiò iî   map1å syrup®  Cuô pearó anä arrangå attractive!ù iî paî oveò  thå   butteò anä syrup®  Sprink!å thå gingeò oveò anä arounä thå #ears®   Sifô  drù  ingredientó  togetheò intï á  mixinç  bow!®  B!enä  thå   butter¬  eggs¬  anä  mi!ë iî b!ender®  Miø intï drù  ingredients®   Spreaä  batteò  carefu!!ù iî paî sï aó noô tï displacå thå  pears®   Bakå  aô  35° degreeó foò abouô  40-5°  minutes®  Coo¡  slightly®   Whilå  sti!ì warí enougè tï comå ouô oæ pan¬  inverô ontï  servinç   p!ate® Servå warm p|ain or with whipped cream. .PA Š .. L..................!................................................R Grayson Map!e Syrup Artic!e Page # CUMBERLAND MAPLE PIE Contributed by Ann Drewry Goetsch of Drewry Farms 1 baked pastry she!! 8" or 9" in diameter 2 cups map!e syrup 2 Tbsp. f!our # cup milk # cup cream 1 Tbsp. butter Miø map!å syruð anä f!ouò iî á saucepan¬  theî adä mi!k¬  cream¬  anä butter®  Stiò  gent!ù oveò moderatå heaô anä boi¡  tï 21°  degrees® Coo!®  Theî pouò intï .she!!®  Bakå aô 37µ degreeó foò 30-4°  m#nuteó unti¡ toð oæ pie is brown. .PA Š .. L..................!................................................R Grayson Map!e Syrup article Page MAPLE GINGERBREAD Contributed by Ann Drewry Goetsch of Drewry Farms 1 cup sour cream 1 egg 1 cup maple syrup # cup sugar # tsp. cinnamon 2 cups f!our 2 tsp. baking soda Combinå sugar¬  spice¬  anä sa!t®  Adä souò creaí anä gent!ù stiò iî map!å  syruð tï whicè sodá haó be#î added®  Miø we!¡  anä adä f!our¬ theî adä egg® Bakå iî buttereä '¢ ø 10¢ paî aô 32µ degreeó foò abouô 4µ min#tes. Serve p!ain or with maple f!avored whipped cream. MAPLE FLAVORED WHIPPED CREAM 1 cup whipping cream # cup map!e syrup Whið  creaí aó usual®  Wheî iô ió a!mosô stiff¬  insteaä  oæ  addinç Šsugar¬  gradua!!ù pouò iî maplå syruð whi!å contin#inç tï beaô cream® Servå aô once over cakes,waff!es, etc. .PA Š .. L!.!...............!.....................................................R Grayson Maple Syrup artic!e Page MAPLE MOLASSES TAFFY Contributed by Ann Drewry Goetsch of Drewry Farms 1# cups sugar # cup map!e syrup 2 Tbsp. butter # tsp. baking soda 1 cup !ight mo!asses # cup water # cup nuts .. Combinå  sugar¬  map!å syrup¬  molasses¬  anä wateò iî á !argå  saucepan®  Cooë  gent!ù foò abouô 2° minutes¬  stirrinç alì oæ thå  time®  Increaså  heat¬ keeð stirring¬ unti¡ harä boi¡ stage¬ abouô 4µ minuteó iî a#l® Adä  soda¬  butter¬  anä choppeä nuts®  Pouò intï á we!!-greaseä pan®  Afteò  abouô 1µ minutes¬  pu!¡ thå mixturå untiì !ighô goldeî anä near!ù opaque®  Makå  ropeó anä cuô intï #¢ pieceó witè scissors®  Wrað indiv!dua!!ù  iî  waxeä paper. .PA Š